Ammonia II

 Chemical Properties of ammonia gas

1. When dissolved in water it forms an alkali ammonium hydroxide.

NH₃ + H₂O → NH₄OH

2. Ammonia reacts with acids to form salt.

2NH₃ + H₂SO₄ → (NH₄)₂SO₄

3. Aqueous solution of ammonia(Ammonium Hydroxide) reacts with acids to form salt and water

NH₄OH + HCl → NH₄Cl + H₂O

4. When ammonia reacts with hydrogen chloride, solid ammonium chloride is formed.

NH₃ + HCl → NH₄Cl

5. If ammonia is heated with carbon dioxide under pressure and temperature of 1500^oC, a chemical fertilizer urea is formed.

2NH₃ + CO₂ → NH₂CONH₂ + H₂O

6. If ammonia is reacted with oxygen, nitrogen gas is formed

4NH₃ + 3O₂ → 2N₂ + 6H₂O

Uses of ammonia gas:

1. Liquid ammonia is used as cooling agent in refrigerator
2. Ammonia is used to make blue prints of land maps
3. It is used in production of chemical fertilizers like urea, ammonium sulphate, ammonium phosphate etc
4. It is used in manufacturing of nitric acid
5. It is used in plastic production
6. It is used to make washing soda
7. It is used as cleansing agent to wash grease

8. It is used on manufacturing of ammonium chloride which is electrolyte of dry cell