Dynamo is a device which converts mechanical energy into electrical energy. It is based upon the
principle of electromagnetic induction. Electromagnetic Induction is a process in which a conductor is put in a particular position and magnetic field keeps varying or magnetic field is stationary and a conductor is moving. This produces a Voltage across the electrical conductor.It consists of a coil wound on soft iron core and a magnet. The coil is placed on magnetic field of the magnet. If external force is applied on either magnet or coil the magnetic flux on coil changes with time and electric current is produced on coil.
The figure on right side shows a dynamo used in bicycle. Dynamo used to produce large amount of electricity is called generator. In case of hydroelectricity mechanical energy is provided by flow of water and in case of thermal power plant mechanical energy is supplied by heat engines.
The electric energy generated by dynamo increases with
1. Increase of strength of magnet
2. Increasing of number of turns in coil
3. Increasing the speed of rotation of coil or magnet
4. Using proper materials for core of coil and coil magnet coupling factor
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